PTGS2 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) [Homo sapiens (human)]

Summary
mRNA and Protein
Pathway
Homologues
Gene Ontology
Links to Other Databases

Gene Symbol	PTGS2
Entrez Gene ID	5743
Full Name	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase)
Synonyms	COX-2, COX2, GRIPGHS, PGG/HS, PGHS-2, PHS-2, hCox-2
Gene Type	protein-coding
Organism	Homo sapiens (human)
Genome	Chromosome:1 Map Location:1q25.2-q25.3
Summary	Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase, is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. There are two isozymes of PTGS: a constitutive PTGS1 and an inducible PTGS2, which differ in their regulation of expression and tissue distribution. This gene encodes the inducible isozyme. It is regulated by specific stimulatory events, suggesting that it is responsible for the prostanoid biosynthesis involved in inflammation and mitogenesis. [provided by RefSeq].
Disorder	MIM: 600262

mRNA	NM_000963, 223941909
Protein	NP_000954, 4506265
Product	prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 precursor
RefSeq Status	REVIEWED

KEGG

hsa05140	Leishmaniasis
hsa05222	Small cell lung cancer
hsa04370	VEGF signaling pathway
hsa00590	Arachidonic acid metabolism
hsa05200	Pathways in cancer
hsa01100	Metabolic pathways

WikiPathways

WP15	Selenium Pathway
WP98	Prostaglandin Synthesis and Regulation
WP167	Eicosanoid Synthesis

Pathway Interaction Database

p38alphabetadownstreampathway	Signaling mediated by p38-alpha and p38-beta
nfat_tfpathway	Calcineurin-regulated NFAT-dependent transcription in lymphocytes
tcrcalciumpathway	Calcium signaling in the CD4+ TCR pathway
cmyb_pathway	C-MYB transcription factor network
s1p_s1p1_pathway	S1P1 pathway

Reactome

REACT_13433	Biological oxidations
REACT_1396	COX reactions
REACT_15369	Prostanoid metabolism
REACT_22258	Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins
REACT_13705	Phase 1 - Functionalization of compounds

Homo sapiens (human)	PTGS2	NP_000954.1
Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee)	PTGS2	XP_524999.2
Canis lupus familiaris (dog)	PTGS2	NP_001003354.1
Bos taurus (cattle)	PTGS2	NP_776870.1
Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ptgs2	NP_035328.2
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ptgs2	NP_058928.2
Gallus gallus (chicken)	PTGS2	XP_422297.1
Danio rerio (zebrafish)	ptgs2b	NP_001020675.1

Process

ID	Name	Evidence
GO:0001516	prostaglandin biosynthetic process	NAS
GO:0006633	fatty acid biosynthetic process	IEA
GO:0006692	prostanoid metabolic process	TAS
GO:0006693	prostaglandin metabolic process	TAS
GO:0006805	xenobiotic metabolic process	TAS
GO:0006928	cellular component movement	TAS
GO:0006979	response to oxidative stress	IEA
GO:0007566	embryo implantation	IEA
GO:0007613	memory	IEA
GO:0008217	regulation of blood pressure	ISS
GO:0008285	negative regulation of cell proliferation	IEA
GO:0009750	response to fructose stimulus	IEA
GO:0010042	response to manganese ion	IEA
GO:0010243	response to organic nitrogen	IEA
GO:0010575	positive regulation vascular endothelial growth factor production	ISS
GO:0014070	response to organic cyclic compound	IEA
GO:0019371	cyclooxygenase pathway	IDA
GO:0030282	bone mineralization	IEA
GO:0030728	ovulation	IEA
GO:0031394	positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process	NAS
GO:0031622	positive regulation of fever generation	ISS
GO:0031915	positive regulation of synaptic plasticity	IEA
GO:0032227	negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	IEA
GO:0032355	response to estradiol stimulus	IEA
GO:0032496	response to lipopolysaccharide	IEA
GO:0033280	response to vitamin D	IEA
GO:0034097	response to cytokine stimulus	IEA
GO:0042446	hormone biosynthetic process	TAS
GO:0042493	response to drug	IEA
GO:0042640	anagen	IEA
GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptosis	IEA
GO:0045429	positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	ISS
GO:0045907	positive regulation of vasoconstriction	IEA
GO:0045987	positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction	IEA
GO:0046697	decidualization	IEA
GO:0048661	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	IEA
GO:0050727	regulation of inflammatory response	NAS
GO:0051384	response to glucocorticoid stimulus	IEA
GO:0051726	regulation of cell cycle	IEA
GO:0051926	negative regulation of calcium ion transport	IEA
GO:0051968	positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	IEA
GO:0071636	positive regulation of transforming growth factor-beta production	ISS
GO:0090050	positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	ISS
GO:0090271	positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production	ISS
GO:0090336	positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation	ISS
GO:0090362	positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production	ISS

Component

ID	Name	Evidence
GO:0005634	nucleus	ISS
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	ISS
GO:0005783	endoplasmic reticulum	IEA
GO:0005788	endoplasmic reticulum lumen	EXP
GO:0005788	endoplasmic reticulum lumen	TAS
GO:0005789	endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IEA
GO:0005792	microsome	IEA
GO:0005901	caveola	IEA
GO:0016020	membrane	IEA
GO:0043005	neuron projection	IDA
GO:0043234	protein complex	IEA

Function

ID	Name	Evidence
GO:0004601	peroxidase activity	EXP
GO:0004601	peroxidase activity	NAS
GO:0004666	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity	IDA
GO:0008289	lipid binding	IEA
GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	IEA
GO:0016702	oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen	IEA
GO:0019899	enzyme binding	IPI
GO:0020037	heme binding	IEA
GO:0046872	metal ion binding	IEA

GeneCards	PTGS2
PDB	1V0X
UniProt	P35354
MIM	600262
Ensembl	ENSG00000073756
HGNC	9605
HPRD	02599

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RefSeq Accession	Definition	Sequence	Price	Select
NM_000963	Homo sapiens prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) (PTGS2), mRNA.	Full Length	$1577.45
NM_000963		ORF Sequence	$526.35