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Homo sapiens glucagon (GCG), mRNA.
| RefSeq Version | NM_002054.3, 291190799 |
| Length | 1298 bp |
| Structure | linear |
| Update Date | 13-MAR-2011 |
| Organism | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Definition | Homo sapiens glucagon (GCG), mRNA. |
| Product | glucagon preproprotein |
| Comment | Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is actually a preproprotein that is cleaved into four distinct mature peptides. One of these, glucagon, is a pancreatic hormone that counteracts the glucose-lowering action of insulin by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Glucagon is a ligand for a specific G-protein linked receptor whose signalling pathway controls cell proliferation. Two of the other peptides are secreted from gut endocrine cells and promote nutrient absorption through distinct mechanisms. Finally, the fourth peptide is similar to glicentin, an active enteroglucagon. [provided by RefSeq]. |
| RefSeq | NP_002045.1 |
| CDS | 257..799 | Exon (1) | 1..247 | Exon (2) | 1..247 | Exon (3) | 248..348 | Exon (4) | 349..510 | Exon (5) | 511..648 | Exon (6) | 649..792 | Exon (7) | 793..1288 |
| Translation | MKSIYFVAGLFVMLVQGSWQRSLQDTEEKSRSFSASQADPLSDPDQMNEDKRHSQGTFTS
DYSKYLDSRRAQDFVQWLMNTKRNRNNIAKRHDEFERHAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAKEFI
AWLVKGRGRRDFPEEVAIVEELGRRHADGSFSDEMNTILDNLAARDFINWLIQTKITDRK
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| Position | Chain | Variation | Link |
| complement(151) | - | g, a | dbSNP:62636571 |
| complement(237) | - | t, c | dbSNP:62636570 |
| 271 | + | c, t | dbSNP:5645 |
| 283 | + | a, g | dbSNP:1042405 |
| complement(290) | - | c, a | dbSNP:74432317 |
| 360 | + | c, t | dbSNP:11552337 |
| 368 | + | a, g | dbSNP:11552338 |
| 412 | + | c, t | dbSNP:11552330 |
| 449 | + | c, t | dbSNP:11552334 |
| 509 | + | a, g | dbSNP:11552333 |
| 523 | + | c, t | dbSNP:11552340 |
| 528 | + | a, g | dbSNP:35920035 |
| 600 | + | c, t | dbSNP:5650 |
| complement(746) | - | t, c | dbSNP:79305438 |
| complement(793) | - | c, a | dbSNP:75918374 |
| complement(909) | - | c, a | dbSNP:78895539 |
| complement(929) | - | g, a | dbSNP:11552335 |
| complement(933) | - | g, a | dbSNP:11552331 |
| complement(945) | - | t, c | dbSNP:116510735 |
| complement(1043) | - | g, a | dbSNP:11552339 |
| complement(1051) | - | t, c | dbSNP:11552336 |
| complement(1245) | - | t, c | dbSNP:11552332 |
| complement(1285) | - | t, c | dbSNP:6732914 |
| Title | Conformational and molecular interaction studies of glucagon-like peptide-2 with its N-terminal extracellular receptor domain . |
| Author | Venneti,K.C. and Hewage,C.M. |
| Journal | FEBS Lett. 585 (2), 346-352 (2011) |
| Title | Common variants in 40 genes assessed for diabetes incidence and response to metformin and lifestyle intervention in the diabetes prevention program . |
| Author | Jablonski,K.A., McAteer,J.B., de Bakker,P.I., Franks,P.W., Pollin,T.I., Hanson,R.L., Saxena,R., Fowler,S., Shuldiner,A.R., Knowler,W.C., Altshuler,D. and Florez,J.C. |
| Journal | Diabetes 59 (10), 2672-2681 (2010) |
| Title | Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study . |
| Author | Bailey,S.D., Xie,C., Do,R., Montpetit,A., Diaz,R., Mohan,V., Keavney,B., Yusuf,S., Gerstein,H.C., Engert,J.C. and Anand,S. |
| Journal | Diabetes Care 33 (10), 2250-2253 (2010) |
| Title | Role of GLP-1 induced glucagon suppression in type 2 diabetes mellitus . |
| Author | Hare,K.J. |
| Journal | Dan Med Bull 57 (9), B4181 (2010) |
| Title | Glucagon gene expression in vertebrate brain . |
| Author | Drucker,D.J. and Asa,S. |
| Journal | J. Biol. Chem. 263 (27), 13475-13478 (1988) |
| Title | Identical mRNA for preproglucagon in pancreas and gut . |
| Author | Novak,U., Wilks,A., Buell,G. and McEwen,S. |
| Journal | Eur. J. Biochem. 164 (3), 553-558 (1987) |
| Title | Structure of the human glucagon gene . |
| Author | White,J.W. and Saunders,G.F. |
| Journal | Nucleic Acids Res. 14 (12), 4719-4730 (1986) |
| Title | Localization of the human glucagon gene (GCG) to chromosome segment 2q36----37 . |
| Author | Schroeder,W.T., Lopez,L.C., Harper,M.E. and Saunders,G.F. |
| Journal | Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 38 (1), 76-79 (1984) |
| Title | Exon duplication and divergence in the human preproglucagon gene . |
| Author | Bell,G.I., Sanchez-Pescador,R., Laybourn,P.J. and Najarian,R.C. |
| Journal | Nature 304 (5924), 368-371 (1983) |
| Title | The amino acid sequence of human glucagon . |
| Author | Thomsen,J., Kristiansen,K., Brunfeldt,K. and Sundby,F. |
| Journal | FEBS Lett. 21 (3), 315-319 (1972) |
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