Quantitative-fluorescent polymerase chain reaction
A technique based on the use of the Polymerase chain reaction to amplify, in a quantitative way, highly polymorphic tracts of repeated sequence that are specific for particular chromosomes. A fluorochrome is incorporated in the amplified products of the PCR so that they can be detected by a DNA scanner. Most individuals are heterozygous for the polymorphic repeat alleles, so each locus appears as two separate peaks on the scan. A trisomic individual will usually show, for each locus on the trisomic chromosome, three equal peaks or two peaks of which one is twice the size of the other.
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