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denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE technique) A method for detection of single base substitutions in DNA fragments. Putative mutant and normal double-stranded DNA fragments are applied along one edge of an agarose gel slab that contains a denaturing agent (e.g. urea and formamide) in a gradient perpendicular to the direction of electrophoresis. At a low concentration of the denaturant the fragments are more mobile, and at high concentration they are unfolded and therefore less mobile. The electrophoretic band describes a sigmoid curve on the developed gel; the denaturant concentration represents the mid-point of the curve and is characteristic of the sequence. Introduction of a GC-rich sequence, which is very stable to denaturation and thus acts as a GC clamp, into the DNA allows detection of mutations in the more stable regions of the DNA. Rossiter, B.J.F. and Caskey, C.T. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 12753-12756

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