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Hep b antibody

Hepatitis B antibody, also known as anti-HBs antibody or hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb), is an antibody produced by the immune system in response to the hepatitis B virus (HBV). This antibody specifically targets the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus, known as the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver and can lead to acute or chronic liver disease. The hepatitis B virus has several antigens, including the HBsAg, which is present on the surface of the virus particles and is used as a marker for the presence of the virus in the blood.

When a person is exposed to the hepatitis B virus, their immune system mounts a response by producing antibodies against the virus. The hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) is one of the primary antibodies generated in response to the virus.

The presence of anti-HBs antibodies in a person's blood indicates one of the following:

1. Immunity from Hepatitis B: If a person has anti-HBs antibodies in their blood without the presence of HBsAg, it typically indicates that they have been previously infected with HBV or have received the hepatitis B vaccine and have developed immunity to the virus. Immunity acquired through vaccination is protective and helps prevent future HBV infection.

2. Recovery from Hepatitis B Infection: The presence of anti-HBs antibodies along with the absence of HBsAg suggests that a person has successfully cleared an acute hepatitis B infection and has recovered from the infection.

3. Vaccination Status: Anti-HBs antibodies can also be present in individuals who have received the hepatitis B vaccine as part of routine immunization or for pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Anti-HBs antibody levels are often measured through blood tests to assess a person's immunity to hepatitis B or to determine their response to vaccination. This information is crucial for identifying individuals who may be at risk of hepatitis B infection and for evaluating the need for additional vaccinations or medical interventions.

It's important to note that the presence of anti-HBs antibodies does not protect against other hepatitis viruses (such as hepatitis A, C, D, or E). Each of these viruses requires its specific set of antibodies for protection and diagnosis.


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