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Aldohexoses

Aldohexoses are a type of monosaccharide, which are simple sugars composed of a single sugar unit. Specifically, aldohexoses are monosaccharides with six carbon atoms and an aldehyde functional group (-CHO) at one end of the carbon chain.

Aldohexoses are classified as hexoses because they contain six carbon atoms, and the "aldo-" prefix indicates the presence of an aldehyde group. The general chemical formula for aldohexoses is C6H12O6.

Examples of aldohexoses include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Glucose is the most well-known aldohexose and is a vital source of energy in many organisms. Fructose is a structural isomer of glucose, and although it has the same chemical formula, the arrangement of its atoms differs. Galactose is another common aldohexose that is found in lactose, a sugar present in milk.

Aldohexoses are essential components of carbohydrates and play significant roles in various biological processes. They serve as building blocks for larger carbohydrates, such as disaccharides (two sugar units) and polysaccharides (many sugar units). Aldohexoses are also involved in energy metabolism, cell signaling, and forming structural components in cells.

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