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therapeutic antibody

A therapeutic antibody, is a type of biologic medical treatment that uses monoclonal antibodies to target specific molecules in the body, often with the goal of treating diseases. Monoclonal antibodies are highly specific antibodies that are derived from a single parent immune cell, known as a hybridoma, and they can be designed to recognize and bind to a particular target molecule, such as a protein or cell surface receptor.

Therapeutic antibodies have revolutionized the field of medicine and have become a major class of drugs with diverse applications. Here are some key features and applications of therapeutic antibodies:

1. Specificity: Therapeutic antibodies are designed to target a specific molecule involved in a disease process. This high degree of specificity allows for precise targeting of disease-related cells or molecules, minimizing potential side effects on healthy tissues.

2. Mechanisms of Action: Therapeutic antibodies can exert their effects through various mechanisms, including blocking or inhibiting a target molecule's activity, triggering immune responses against targeted cells, delivering drugs or toxins directly to cells, or modulating signaling pathways.

3. Disease Treatment: Therapeutic antibodies are used to treat a wide range of diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, inflammatory conditions, infectious diseases, and more.

4. Cancer Therapy: Many therapeutic antibodies are used in cancer treatment to target cancer cells or inhibit the signals that promote their growth. Examples include monoclonal antibodies that block cell surface receptors involved in cancer cell proliferation or that mark cancer cells for destruction by the immune system.

5. Autoimmune Diseases: Therapeutic antibodies can be designed to neutralize or modulate the immune response in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis.

6. Infectious Diseases: Monoclonal antibodies have been developed to target viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens, either by directly neutralizing them or by aiding the immune system in eliminating the infection.

7. Immunomodulation: Some therapeutic antibodies work by altering the immune response. For example, checkpoint inhibitors block proteins that suppress the immune system, enhancing its ability to recognize and attack cancer cells.

8. Targeted Drug Delivery: Antibodies can be engineered to carry drugs or toxins directly to specific cells, minimizing damage to healthy tissues.

9. Diagnostic Imaging: Antibodies labeled with radioactive or fluorescent markers can be used for imaging specific cells or tissues in diagnostics.

10. Personalized Medicine: With advances in biotechnology, therapeutic antibodies can be tailored to target specific genetic mutations or variations present in certain diseases, allowing for more personalized treatment approaches.

It's important to note that the development of therapeutic antibodies involves a combination of advanced biotechnological techniques, including antibody engineering, hybridoma technology, and protein expression systems. Therapeutic antibodies have transformed patient care by providing novel treatment options and improved outcomes for various medical conditions.

Related Service
• Genscript offers Custom Monoclonal Antibody Development Services and Antibody Drug Discovery Solutions

• GenScript learning resources: Therapeutic Antibody Drug Discovery Planning.

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If you know of any terms that have been omitted from this glossary that you feel would be useful to include, please send detail to the Editorial Office at GenScript: [email protected]

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