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assortative mating

Assortative mating is the mating of individuals with similar phenotypes. Assortative mating can also be defined as the reproductive pairing of individuals that have more traits in common than would likely be the case if the mating were random.

Assortative mating, in human genetics, is a form of nonrandom mating in which pair bonds are established based on phenotype (observable characteristics). For example, a person may choose a mate according to religious, cultural, or ethnic preferences, professional interests, or physical traits.

Assortative mating also occurs in nonhuman animal populations. Indeed, phenotypic similarity is thought to underlie mate selection in various species.

Positive assortative mating, or homogamy, exists when people choose to mate with persons similar to themselves (e.g., when a tall person mates with a tall person); this type of selection is prevalent. Negative assortative mating is the opposite case, where people avoid mating with persons similar to themselves.

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