About the Endocytosis pathway
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
The longest variant of each gene is displayed. Click the see gene variants link to see all gene variants.
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| Gene Symbol | Full Name |
|---|---|
| ADRB1 | adrenoceptor beta 1 |
| ADRB2 | adrenoceptor beta 2, surface |
| ADRB3 | adrenoceptor beta 3 |
| ADRBK1 | adrenergic, beta, receptor kinase 1 |
| ADRBK2 | adrenergic, beta, receptor kinase 2 |
| AP2A1 | adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 1 subunit |
| AP2A2 | adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 2 subunit |
| AP2B1 | adaptor-related protein complex 2, beta 1 subunit |
| AMPH | amphiphysin |
| BIN1 | bridging integrator 1 |
| ARF1 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1 |
| ARF3 | ADP-ribosylation factor 3 |
| ARF5 | ADP-ribosylation factor 5 |
| ARF6 | ADP-ribosylation factor 6 |
| RHOA | ras homolog family member A |
| ARRB1 | arrestin, beta 1 |
| ARRB2 | arrestin, beta 2 |
| CAPZA1 | capping protein (actin filament) muscle Z-line, alpha 1 |
| CAPZA2 | capping protein (actin filament) muscle Z-line, alpha 2 |
| CAPZB | capping protein (actin filament) muscle Z-line, beta |
| CAV1 | caveolin 1, caveolae protein, 22kDa |
| CAV2 | caveolin 2 |
| CAV3 | caveolin 3 |
| CBL | Cbl proto-oncogene, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase |
| CBLB | Cbl proto-oncogene B, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase |
| CDC42 | cell division cycle 42 |
| AP2M1 | adaptor-related protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit |
| AP2S1 | adaptor-related protein complex 2, sigma 1 subunit |
| CLTA | clathrin, light chain A |
| CLTB | clathrin, light chain B |
| CLTC | clathrin, heavy chain (Hc) |
| CCR5 | chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (gene/pseudogene) |
| CSF1R | colony stimulating factor 1 receptor |
| DAB2 | Dab, mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein, homolog 2 (Drosophila) |
| DNM1 | dynamin 1 |
| DNM2 | dynamin 2 |
| EGF | epidermal growth factor |
| EGFR | epidermal growth factor receptor |
| EPS15 | epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15 |
| ERBB3 | erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3 |
| ERBB4 | erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 |
| F2R | coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor |
| FGFR3 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 |
| FGFR2 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 |
| FGFR4 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 |
| FLT1 | fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 |
| FOLR1 | folate receptor 1 (adult) |
| FOLR2 | folate receptor 2 (fetal) |
| FOLR3 | folate receptor 3 (gamma) |
| GRK4 | G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4 |
| GRK5 | G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 |
| GRK6 | G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 |
| HLA-A | major histocompatibility complex, class I, A |
| HLA-B | major histocompatibility complex, class I, B |
| HLA-C | major histocompatibility complex, class I, C |
| HLA-E | major histocompatibility complex, class I, E |
| HLA-F | major histocompatibility complex, class I, F |
| HLA-G | major histocompatibility complex, class I, G |
| HRAS | Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog |
| HSPA1A | heat shock 70kDa protein 1A |
| HSPA1B | heat shock 70kDa protein 1B |
| HSPA1L | heat shock 70kDa protein 1-like |
| HSPA2 | heat shock 70kDa protein 2 |
| HSPA6 | heat shock 70kDa protein 6 (HSP70B') |
| HSPA8 | heat shock 70kDa protein 8 |
| IGF1R | insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor |
| IGF2R | insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor |
| IL2RA | interleukin 2 receptor, alpha |
| IL2RB | interleukin 2 receptor, beta |
| IL2RG | interleukin 2 receptor, gamma |
| CXCR1 | chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 1 |
| CXCR2 | chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 2 |
| KDR | kinase insert domain receptor |
| KIF5A | kinesin family member 5A |
| KIF5B | kinesin family member 5B |
| KIF5C | kinesin family member 5C |
| KIT | v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog |
| LDLR | low density lipoprotein receptor |
| SMAD2 | SMAD family member 2 |
| SMAD3 | SMAD family member 3 |
| MDM2 | MDM2 proto-oncogene, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase |
| RAB8A | RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family |
| MET | MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase |
| NEDD4 | neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 4, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase |
| NTRK1 | neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 1 |
| PDGFRA | platelet-derived growth factor receptor, alpha polypeptide |
| PLD1 | phospholipase D1, phosphatidylcholine-specific |
| PLD2 | phospholipase D2 |
| PML | promyelocytic leukemia |
| PRKCI | protein kinase C, iota |
| PRKCZ | protein kinase C, zeta |
| PSD | pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing |
| RAB4A | RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family |
| RAB5A | RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family |
| RAB5B | RAB5B, member RAS oncogene family |
| RAB5C | RAB5C, member RAS oncogene family |
| RET | ret proto-oncogene |
| GRK1 | G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1 |
| SH3GL1 | SH3-domain GRB2-like 1 |
| SH3GL2 | SH3-domain GRB2-like 2 |
