at Related Biological Terms

A group of drugs derived from barbituric acid that is used to sedate, to control convulsions, or to induce sleep. blood and urine tests can determine toxic levels of these compounds. Barbiturates may be habit forming.

The base population refers to the number of people in a given area (e.g. a nation, province, city, etc.) to which a specific vital rate applies, that is, the denominator of the crude birth rate or death rate; that population is determined by a census. A base population is a population at the beginning of a period used as a reference or starting point for the estimation process. The population of animals whose parents are either unknown or ignored to inbreed and relationship calculation-typically the individuals appearing at the back of the pedigrees of the original animals in a herd or flock. According to previous research (for example, the study of a large-scale family selection of fenneropenaeus chinensis), the establishment of a base population is the key step to carrying out the whole breeding work, and a base population with rich genetic variation is the basis for the healthy reproduction of races.

The degree to which a base ionizes; Ka = [X+][OH-] ------ [XOH]

A laboratory testing procedure in which one test is done simultaneously on multiple specimens

Form of mimicry in which an innocuous mimic species gains protection by resembling noxious or dangerous model species.

The science of measuring depth.

Beta oxidation is the process by which fats, in the form of acyl-CoA molecules, are broken down in the mitochondria to generate acetyl-CoA, the entry molecule for the Krebs cycle. There are four reactions in the process, and these reactions repeat until the entire fatty acid chain has been converted into individual acetyl-CoA molecules. Each of these molecules is then processed for energy. This process occurs in the mitochondria of the cell. The molecules involved in beta oxidation include the fatty acid chain, and coenzyme A. Coenzyme A reacts with the fatty acid chain to produce fatty acyl-CoA. The fatty acid chain is now activated and ready to be processed. Beta oxidation is regulated by malonyl-CoA. This is an enzyme that prevents fatty acyl-CoA from entering the mitochondria. By controlling the molecules that transport fatty acyl-coA into the mitochondria, beta oxidation can be initiated or stopped. When there is a need for more energy, malonyl-CoA usually will allow fatty acyl-CoA to be transported into the mitochondria. The molecule that malonyl-CoA targets is called carnitine acyltranferase.

essential for regulating vital functions and one of the important buffers necessary to maintain normal acid-base balance in the body. Body metabolism results in mainly acid production, and neutralizing some of such acids is its constant activity, thus it plays a key role in metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. Bicarbonate may be lost through watery feces, or can decrease when lungs cannot expel carbon dioxide.

Spectrophotometry which uses a secondary wavelength absorbance reading subtracted from a primary wavelength absorbance reading to obtain a delta absorbance reading (Ad). The delta absorbance is used in conjunction with the calibration data to calculate concentration or activity.

having two lips, as a bilabiate corolla of a flower.