gene Related Biological Terms

The production of amyloid

The evolutionary process whereby one species evolves into another without any splitting of the phylogenetic tree. See cladogenesis.

the formation of new blood vessels; a characteristic of tumors

A gene that prevents malignant (cancerous) growth and whose absence, by mutation, results in malignancy (eg retinoblastoma).

The study of the relationships between genes and enzymes, specifically the role of genes in controlling the steps in biochemical pathways.

(cap) sometimes known as CRP, the cyclic AMP receptor protein, is a transcriptional activator that binds to cAMP and DNA. This protein binds as a dimer to an inverted repeat that is at the position -61 relative to the start site of transcription. The cap binding site on DNA is adjacent to the position at which RNA Polymerase binds.

An oncogene is a gene that can potentially cause cancer. In tumor cells, these genes are often mutated or expressed at high levels. Most normal cells will undergo a programmed form of rapid cell death (apoptosis) when critical functions are altered and malfunctioning. The cellular oncogenes are derived from their normal counterparts, the protooncogenes, by activating mutations or transcriptional activations. Unlike many may misunderstand, cellular oncogenes are actually normal genes with essential functions in the cell nucleus. Four cellular oncogenes, fos, myc, Ha-ras, and Ki-ras, are routinely expressed in ovarian adenocarcinomas and have been examined to determine whether the molecular lesion in ovarian carcinoma was a genetic rearrangement or amplification of expressed oncogenes. It is found that genetic rearrangement or amplification of these cellular oncogenes is not the primary molecular lesion leading to their expression in ovarian carcinomas.

The evolutionary process whereby one species splits into two or more species. See anagenesis.

syndrome due to abnormalities of 2 or more genes that MAP next to each other on a chromosome; most often caused by a deletion that involves several contiguous genes.

development of Cells in animal and vegetable organisms. This takes the form of segmentation, fission, gemmation, budding, karyokinesis, and endogenous multiplication.