a Related Biological Terms

A disease (loss of muscle control, and reddening of the skin) in human beings caused by a defect in DNA repair mechanisms induced by ionising radiation (X-rays, beta and alpha particles, gamma rays).

A ionization method used in mass spectrometry. It is a form of chemical ionization which takes place at atmopheric pressure. This ionization technique allows for the high flow rates typical of standard bore HPLC to be used directly, often without diverting the larger fraction of volume to waste. Typically the mobile phase containing eluting analyte is heated above 500 degrees Celsius in a ceramic needle, sprayed with high flow rates of nitrogen and the entire aerosol cloud is subjected to a corona discharge that creates ions. APCI is better for non-polar or low molecular weight molecules compared to ESI which is better for polar or high molecular weight molecules.update site2_product.biology_glossary set commentate='The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some antigenic determinants and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

A chemical unit which is the smallest particle of an element still retaining its properties. Composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons which cannot be further broken down by chemical means.

The average weight of an atom occuring in nature measured in atomic mass.

(amu) By definition, 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom. To all intents and purposes, protons and neutrons weigh 1 amu.

The number in an element's box in the periodic table that indicates number of protons or electrons.

The average mass of an element, taking into account the relative abundance of isotopes.

Atopy is al or familial tendency, usually in childhood or adolescence, to become sensitized and produce IgE antibodies in response to ordinary exposure to allergens, usually proteins. Atopy is the tendency to produce an exaggerated immunoglobulin E (IgE) immune response to otherwise harmless substances in the environment. Atopy is the genetic tendency to develop allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. Atopy is clearly associated with an increased risk of sensitization to HMW agents. For example, atopy has been identified as one of the determinants for sensitization to rodents in apprentices working in animal facilities. Atopy is the tendency to develop IgE antibodies to commonly encountered environmental allergens by natural exposure in which the entry route of the allergen is across intact mucosal surfaces.

An enzyme that allows protons to move through the mitochondrial membrane and trigger Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.

a widely used synthetic agricultural Herbicide derived from triazine. It is thought to maybe cause cancer and is banned in some European countries.