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antigen receptor

An antigen receptor is a protein not secreted but anchored to the B-cell membrane. More specifically, any molecule recognized by the body as foreign or not belonging to the body, is called an antigen. Antigen receptor genes are composed of one or more constant regions (C), joining regions (J), and variable regions (V).

When an antigen enters the body, it stimulates an immune response by the cells of the immune system. These cells recognize the different antigens through receptors on the surface of their cell membranes. Each cell has a specific antigen receptor, so the cell will only be activated by the specific antigen.

The antigen receptor is a polypeptide chain or a chain of amino acids. Its structure matches the shape of the antigen to which it is specific. This specificity of structure that the antigen receptor has enables each cell to match only one type of antigen.

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