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phosphorylate

Phosphorylate, or phosphorylation is the process by which a molecule is modified by the addition of a phosphorous-containing group. Protein phosphorylation is a reversible process catalyzed by kinases and phosphatases, which phosphorylate and dephosphorylate specific protein targets and amino acid residues (e.g., serine, threonine, and tyrosine), respectively. In biological systems, phosphorylation serves a critical role in regulating protein activity, thereby controlling a broad range of processes, including signaling, gene expression, proliferation, and differentiation, among many other functions.

Phospho-specific antibodies bind to a phosphorylated protein moiety and enable monitoring protein activity. Therefore, phospho-specific antibodies facilitate dissecting a protein’s function and its role in signaling.

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If you know of any terms that have been omitted from this glossary that you feel would be useful to include, please send detail to the Editorial Office at GenScript: [email protected]

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