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pleiotropy

Pleiotropy (from Greek πλείων pleion, 'more', and τρόπος tropos, 'way') occurs when one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. Pleiotropy is the phenomenon whereby a single mutation affects several apparently unrelated aspects of the phenotype. It is also the production by a single gene of two or more apparently unrelated effects.

Pleiotropy refers to the expression of multiple traits by a single gene. These expressed traits may or may not be related. Pleitropy was first noticed by geneticist Gregor Mendel, who is known for his famous studies with pea plants. Mendel noticed that plant flower color (white or purple) was always related to the color of the leaf axil (area on a plant stem consisting of the angle between the leaf and upper part of the stem) and seed coat.

The study of pleitropic genes is important to genetics as it helps us to understand how certain traits are linked to genetic diseases. Pleiotropy can be spoken of in various forms: gene pleiotropy, developmental pleiotropy, selectional pleiotropy, and antagonistic pleiotropy.

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