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transposable element

Transposable elements (TEs), also known as "jumping genes" or transposons, are sequences of DNA that move (or jump) from one location in the genome to another. Maize geneticist Barbara McClintock discovered transposable elements in the 1940s, and for decades thereafter, most scientists dismissed transposons as useless or "junk" DNA.

A transposable element (TE, transposon, or jumping gene) is a DNA sequence that can change its position within a genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genetic identity and genome size.

A section of DNA can copy itself and insert the copy into another position in the chromosome or another chromosome. Free transposons are not found; they spread via transposition into mobile DNA molecules such as plasmids. Bacterial transposons may carry, in addition to genes encoding enzymes needed for transposition, genes for antibiotic resistance or other functions.

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