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This Biology terms dictionary provides query services for biology and biochemistry terms. Please enter the biology or biochemistry terms you want to search.
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Antibodies, or immunoglobulins (Ig), are specialized proteins produced by B cells in response to specific antigens. They play a critical role in the adaptive immune system by recognizing and neutralizing pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. Beyond their physiological role, antibodies have become indispensable tools in research, diagnostics, and therapeutics due to their specificity and versatility.
Antibodies are Y-shaped glycoproteins composed of two identical heavy chains (H) and two identical light chains (L), held together by disulfide bonds.
The antigen-binding site, formed by the V regions of the heavy and light chains, is highly specific due to the presence of hypervariable regions known as complementarity-determining regions (CDRs).
Antibodies bind to specific antigens via their Fab regions, neutralizing pathogens or marking them for destruction.
Prevents pathogens from entering host cells by blocking essential interactions.
Antibodies aggregate antigens, facilitating their clearance by phagocytes.
Widely employed in immunoassays (e.g., ELISA, lateral flow tests) for disease diagnosis and biomarker detection.
Antibodies are indispensable in studying protein-protein interactions, cellular pathways, and as tools in techniques like Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.
Understanding antibody responses informs vaccine design, ensuring effective immune protection.
Antibodies are fundamental components of the immune system, with broad implications for biotechnology and medicine. Their precise antigen-binding ability coupled with engineered enhancements makes them invaluable tools in combating diseases and advancing biomedical research. Ongoing innovations in antibody engineering, production, and application continue to expand the frontiers of science and medicine.
GenSmart Optimization is a free online tool for performing codon optimization to improve gene expression. GenScript's patented algorithms are integrated into the tool to optimize the computing capability of high-performance sequence generation.
GenSmart™ Design is a free online DNA construct design tool developed by GenScript. GenSmart™ Design has two design modules, the Create Construct module for individual plasmid design and the Create Library module for DNA library design.
This online tool shows commonly used genetic codon frequency table in expression host organisms including Escherichia coli and other common host organisms.
Antibody Production Services
Comprehensive custom antibody production services including monoclonal and polyclonal antibody production services with industry leading turnaround times.
Polyclonal Antibody Services
The fastest custom polyclonal antibody production services in the industry with unmatched guarantees.
Custom Monoclonal Antibody Development Services
Developing custom monoclonal antibodies with standard or fully custom protocols including everything from antigen synthesis to antibody scale-up options.
Phospho-Specific Antibody Services
Guaranteed ELISA titer of ≥ 1:64,000 and < 10% cross reactivity with non-phospho peptide.
Immunoassay Development Services
Our custom immunoassay development service offering comprehensive high-throughput assay development with fast turnaround and high efficiency.
Large-scale Antibody Manufacturing
Our large-scale antibody manufacturing services offer polyclonal and monoclonal antibody production of gram quantities for industrial antibody yields.
COVID-19 Reagent Antibodies
On demand SARS-CoV-2 control mAbs ideal for diagnostics, therapeutic, and vaccine development.
If you know of any terms that have been omitted from this glossary that you feel would be useful to include, please send detail to the Editorial Office at GenScript: [email protected]